Tuesday, December 24, 2019
Personal Experience on Microcultures - 911 Words
Most of my feelings I have towards microcultures are all based of personal experiences. I think everyone always has some sort of feelings that come to mind when they see or interact with a certain microculture and I am no exception. When it comes to rich people, I feel annoyed, envy, and optimistic. I sometimes wish I had a lot of money and that feeling makes me optimistic about my future. I think rich people are greedy because even though they have a lot of money already, all they want is more. I also think rich people often believe they are superior to others because of their money. They think because they are rich that they are above everyone else. These feelings and opinions come from personal experiences I have dealt with before. Iâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦I had a friend who told me stories of his family living in a car, eating only rice and bread for days but when I did not have money for lunch, he always offered a dollar. That right there is someone who cares more about o thers than himself. This happen multiple times it was not just one time thing. To me poor people offer help to others than some rich people. Towards African American people I feel frightened, sorry, and easy going. I never mess with African American people because I feel they could instantly beat me up if they wanted to, so I try not to insult them in any way. Also black people get so much hate and criticism that I sometimes feel sorry for them and some of the stuff they have to deal with. I think African American people are sore losers and aggressive. When they start losing in sports especially football and basketball, some start trash talking and playing dirty. In high school when I played with some of friends in basketball versus 5 black people, they started pushing us, slapping our arms when we shoot, calling fouls when nothing even happened just because they were losing. I think that anyone hates to lose, but black people get angrier than most people and start resorting to viol ence as the answer. This does not happen every single time but when it occurs multiple times you start to judge by those experiences. When it comes to Asians, I feel at ease, annoyed, and fear. Asians always seemed to be people who are calm and neverShow MoreRelatedTraveling Is An Elegant And Beautiful Experience852 Words à |à 4 Pages(Anthony Bourdain) Traveling is an elegant and beautiful experience. It breaks the uniformity of life and opens peopleââ¬â¢s minds to different cultures. According to Merriam-Webster, a traveler is ââ¬Å"someone who often travelâ⬠. Putting it in my own language, a traveler is someone who respects different cultures. He chooses this activity as an ideal way to relax and explore different places and foods. He travels because he does not want to experience the monotony of his life, and he does not want to see whatRead MoreCulture And The Culture Learning Process1450 Words à |à 6 Pages and material adaptions to the world around themâ⬠(p. 61). This definition of culture explains that everyone culture is different based on their environment and influences around them. Culture starts at home and can then branch off into your own personal culture. According to Comprehensive Multicultural Education, author Christine I. Bennett (2015) discusses what is culture and talks about Geertz definition of culture and states ââ¬Å"Geertz defines culture as ââ¬Ëan historically transmitted pattern of meaningsRead MoreConsumer Behavior Analysis: Consumer behavior analysis is an important element in relationship1800 Words à |à 8 Pagesmanager of a company that is seeking to launch a new product line of personal care goods in the U.S. market, consumer behavior analysis will play a crucial role in the marketing process. The proposed target market for the company will be males between 18 and 35 years and price points will incorporate lower to mid-level income ranges. Advertising Message: As previously mentioned, the organization seeks to introduce a new line of personal care products in the United States market. The company will mainlyRead MorePersonal Grooming Marketing1488 Words à |à 6 PagesPropose a type of message appeal to be used in the advertising, making sure to explain the rationale behind the appeal. Personal grooming products consist of deodorant, shaving cream, hair trimmers, skin care and cologne to name a few. Personal care products is aimed specifically at men, which accounts for $4 billion in our current retail industry. The advertising vehicle to be used is through television and digital marketing .Men want to be perceived as technically well informed, strong and healthyRead MoreCauses of Loitering Problems10544 Words à |à 43 Pages565 à © Sociologickà ½ à ºstav AV ÃÅ'R, v.v.i., Praha 2011 The Formation of Identity in Teenage Mall Microculture: A Case Study of Teenagers in Czech Malls* JANA SPILKOVà and LUCIE RADOVà ** Charles University, Prague Abstract: Geographies of children and youth are a surprisingly neglected research topic in the transforming (post-communist) countries, where many societal changes are taking place. This article introduces a research project that focused on teenagers and their leisure-time activities, concentratingRead MoreYuchia5000 Words à |à 20 Pagesdifferent parts of the country started elementary school together. They graduated high school at a time when higher education costs made it very difficult for parents to finance college education. Most of them took loans to complete college. This experience made them financially responsible and they started saving up early in life. This collective group of individuals can best be described as belonging to the same _____.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | à à [None Given] | Correct Answer: |Read MoreEssay on Cultural Values And Personal Ethics in Business1497 Words à |à 6 PagesEvery day people make decisions that may have profound effect on their personal and/or professional lives as well as the lives of others. The decision people make have a foundation on their personal, cultural, and perhaps organizational values. When these values are in disagreement, an ethical dilemma occurs. This article attempts to explain how personal, cultural, and organizational values play significant parts in decision-making. In addition, the foundation of ethical dilemmas can often beRead MoreCultural Values and Personal Ethics Paper1583 Words à |à 7 PagesRunning head: CULTURAL VALUES AND PERSONAL ETHICS PAPER Cultural Values and Personal Ethics Paper MBA/500 Foundations of Problem-Based Learning R. Garth Ferrell April 23, 2006 University of Phoenix Cultural Values and Personal Ethics Paper Every day people make decisions that may have profound effect on their personal and/or professional lives as well as the lives of others. The decision people make have a foundation on their personal, cultural, and perhaps organizational values. WhenRead MoreDiversity Within The United States2204 Words à |à 9 Pagesand clashes between cultures are bound to occur. These clashes have been as extreme to be used to explain violence and crime not only in the United States, but also throughout our entire nation. On the other end, these cultural clashes can be so personal in our everyday lives because of our expectations of a certain behavior coming from our own cultural backgrounds, as many others have very different cultural backgrounds and expectations of us. It is easy for us to analyze cultural clashes throughRead MoreEmic vs Etic4247 Words à |à 17 PagesTHE EMIC VERSUS ETIC DILEMMA IN CROSS CULTURAL MARKETING RE... Page 1 of 8 THE EMIC VERSUS ETIC DILEMMA IN CROSS CULTURAL MARKETING RESEARCH: A PERSONAL CONSTRUCT THEORY PERSPECTIVE Richard E. Plank, Western Michigan University ABSTRACT Cross-cultural research in marketing, particularly involving the measurement of behaviors and attitudes using methodologies which require the respondent to respond to scale type questions, is difficult as well as time and resource intensive. A major issue is the
Monday, December 16, 2019
World View Free Essays
Using the concept of a ââ¬Ëworld viewââ¬â¢, identify some of the beliefs and attitudes, particularly to education and learning that you bring to your learning now. Reflect critically on how your worldview has been shaped by factors such as your gender, age or community. In your answer refer to Hobson (1996) and Samovar and Porter (2004) from the SSK12 Reader, and Chapter 1 in A Guide to Learning Independently (Marshall and Rowland, 2006, 1-18). We will write a custom essay sample on World View or any similar topic only for you Order Now The world view I hold in regards to education and learning is that it is a privilege made available to all of us within Australia. I believe that education is the key to the world. Education is the foundation of life. Everything in life revolves around education and learning. In this essay I will explain to you why I think education is a privilege and that education is an essential part of life. The factors that shaped this world view of mine are my family, age, gender and community. Firstly I will define they key term ââ¬Å"World Viewâ⬠Hobson (1996, p 2) defines it as ââ¬Å"the set of beliefs that we hold and through which we organise our understanding of ourselves and our understanding of othersâ⬠an other way of defining world view is the way Samovar and Porter (2004, p 1) say that it is an ââ¬Å"overarching philosophyâ⬠meaning an overall view. So my world view is formed because of these factors I am in my twenties, I am female, I live in Australia and I come from a family where education is highly valued as it is the key to success. My age impacted my world view towards education and learning. In 90ââ¬â¢s at secondary school there was a lot of emphasis on completing your high school certificate (Year 12) and moving onto university learning. I did not however follow this philosophy of going to university. I always knew though that there were many options available to me, if later I wanted to return to study. I did know that I still needed to gain more education so that I could gain employment in a field of my choice. I chose to become a hairdresser and had to gain a Cert III in Hairdressing at a TAFE institution. I excelled in this learning environment and knew that knowledge meant power. I have that knowledge still with me now as I enter into university learning that knowledge means power. This knowledge will provide me with the power to continue my learning to better myself as a person. Having a baby and becoming a mother changed my life, it also made me realise even more so the importance of education and learning. Watching the way my son learnt new skills intrigued me, I wanted to learn more about educating children. This interest led me to explore my options about returning to study. There were so many options now that were not available when I finished school. I decided that I would enrol in a distance course a Bachelor of Education Early Childhood, so that I could still stay home with my child while he was in the most important stage of his life. When learning skills from me, would mean that his foundations for life would be set. I believe that I am privileged to have the opportunity to return to study, to change my career and also to increase my knowledge on education as knowledge is power. Family is the major contributing factor to my world view. My family always regarded education as a major priority and we all agreed that Education is the foundation for life. I believe now that I am a mother I can see even more so the truth behind what I believe and what my family believe about education. I know that providing my child and children in general with the best possible education while they are young will give them a good foundation to base the rest of there life on. Everything in life is about learning, from learning how to walk and talk, to learning to drive a car we are learning in every facet of our lives continually. Within my family, community and culture I believe gender is no barrier, when is comes to education and learning. In some cultures though, woman are seen as being not equal to that of a man. I n the Islamic world view women are definitely seen as a slave to a mans needs. In Samovar and Porter (2004, p1) they quote Bianquis. T. 1996) they see this point as well ââ¬Å"Generally speaking woman as an individual was subordinated to man both Quran and the Hadith. God created woman from a fragment of a manââ¬â¢s body that she might serve himâ⬠. My mother was my role model that woman can be educated professionals, and she always instilled in me that woman can do anything a man can. My mother rose up above the notion of her time in the 70ââ¬â¢s that woman were to stay home and run a household. So as a result of this I always k new that throughout my education being female would not be an issue. I believe that yes we are privileged to be able to gain a quality education irrespective of our gender. A belief I have is that education is the Foundation for life. If you stop and just think about your life you soon realise that everything you do in life is learnt. Everything we know today stems from education and learning. Just think about all the new drugs that are created to cure diseases, all this brilliance come from educated people that are learning about these diseases in order for them to create these miracles. They are using there educations in the best possible way by helping the people of the world. This is why I believe that education can change the world. What I bring to my learning now is that I understand where education stems from and that is the key and the foundation for life. I have had an up bringing that fostered learning and that is why I am now continuing to study and gain a degree in education. With this degree I will be able to teach Australiaââ¬â¢s young children the foundations of learning. We all learn in different ways but we as human being are continually learning and thinking every minute of every day. The following quote from Marshall and Rowland (1996, p10) is proof of what I am saying ââ¬Å"All of us are living and thinking subjectsâ⬠¦Everybody both acts and thinks. The way people act or react is linked to a way of thinking, and of course thinking is related to tradition. â⬠With this said I believe that yes thinking is a critical part of learning. The most important beliefs and attitudes I hold towards education and learning make me a better and more independent student. It is a privilege that here in Australia any body from anywhere in the world can come and gain an education. Education is a key to the world; anything can be achieved if you have the right education. Education is the foundation of life. Education and learning can even make the world a better place. My world view is shaped around these factors my age, gender community and most importantly my family. It is such a privilege that we are given the opportunity to learn. Education and learning is the way forward to the world being a better place! How to cite World View, Essay examples
Sunday, December 8, 2019
Ancient Egypt Essay Introduction Example For Students
Ancient Egypt Essay Introduction Randy SweetAncient Egypt ReportThe Nile river was the most important thing to Ancient Egyptians. The Egyptians were very smart because they were settled near a river. Without the Nile the Egyptians wouldnt survive, and even now we wouldnt study their history. The Nile was so important because it gave them water and fertilizer for farming and they believed in a God of the Nile whos name was Osiris. Irrigation along much of the river supported the growth of agricultural products such as cotton, wheat, sorghum, dates, citrus fruits, sugarcane, and various legumes. Other local communities fished in the Nile River. The Egyptian Empire was first great African civilization developed in the northern Nile Valley in about 5000 BC. Dependent on agriculture, this state, called Egypt, relied on the flooding of the Nile for irrigation and new soils.The Nile was their only way of trading and fastest way of transportation.Without the Nile it would take them a long time to go from city to city or tra de. Egyptians always depended on the Nile to flood, when the ice from the mountains melted every year there was a flood. The flood from Nile left furtilizer for farming, and when there wasnt a flood they depended on fishing and trading. Every year they predicted the exact time the nile would flood. It always flood at the same time every year. We will write a custom essay on Ancient Egypt Introduction specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Pharaohs were very important to the Egyptians, they control everything. for every great Pharaoh there was a pyramid built and the pharaoh was buried in it with lots of beautiful artifacts built mostly from gold. Other small pharaohs like King Tut were buried under ground, but with gold and statues and also his coffin was solid gold. The Egyptians believed that the pharaohs were gods and did everything they were told to by the other gods. Later people in ancient Egypt stopped believing in many gods but most of them still did. Pharaohs were considered very smart, because they had ideas on how to built the pyramids. All Egyptians believed in afterlife, especially pharaohs. Pharaohs were buried withlots of Gold and weapons for their next life. There were statues of peons and statues of themselves. The statues of peons were there to serve them in the pharaohs next life and to protect the pharaohs they had Book Of The Dead so the spirit knew where to go after it left the body. Some pharaoh s had their servents killed and placed in pyramids with them. And some killed their families so they live with him in next life along with soldiers and servents. The man pharaohs made their pyramids bigger because they weregreater than the women. And women have the small pyramids, there are about 80 pyramids standing in Egypt today. The Egyptians did not have a true religion; they had more of a collection of myths and doctrines, which evolved to suit the worshippers needs. Although many changes were evident in their religion, conflict between new and old concepts did not occur. However, their belief system was much more complex and elaborate than that of any other culture. A clear reason is not given, but we theorize that environmental conditions play a significant role in their authenticity. The Nile River plays an important part in Egyptian mythology. As the Nile flows northward through Egypt, it creates a narrow ribbon of fertile land in the midst of a great desert. The sharp contrast between the fertility along the Nile and the wasteland of the desert became a basic theme in Egyptian mythology. Ra was the Sun god of Egypt, and Hapi the god of the Nile River. As the Egyptians knew of the Suns great significance, they gave Ra the status that Zeus has over Olympus. Hapi, being the god of the key to Egypts prosp erity, was also given great power. These two gods would most likely be the two most important gods of Egyptian mythology, since these deities are directly related to the two most significant elements that allowed for Egypts 2500-year-reign. .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380 , .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380 .postImageUrl , .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380 , .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380:hover , .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380:visited , .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380:active { border:0!important; } .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380:active , .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380 .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub4119069d2330e006172484a47f4f380:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Business Ethics Essay In addition to aforementioned agricultural values, the Afterlife was of great importance to the ancient Egyptians and few cultures devoted so much of their time and wealth to preparation for their death than they did. Presumably, this would be so because they valued their current situation intensively, and they would have hope that even after death, that they would be able to live life in continual prosperity. It is their rituals related to the Afterlife that fascinates modern society, as we have made many movies, books, and documentaries concerning it. They valued this to such a degree because the afterlife was conceived of as continuation of life on earth, and by following this logic, the dead man would need, in his tomb, all those necessities and luxuries which made life on earth pleasant. In addition to this, they believed that the underworld replica of their body, the ka, would need to make a safe trip through the underworld, and because of this, many intricate procedures would have to be followed. A famous example of such procedures would be that of mummification. Anubis was the god of mummification. The Egyptian embalming rituals were emulated from that Anubis followed when resurrecting Osiris, the god of the underworld. The embalming of the body was thought to preserve the body forever, allowing time for the ka to return, and thus resurrection. From their strong values in these areas, they have created a strong uniqueness which is widely acknowledged, and appreciated. From my research, I am able to conclude that the Egyptians strong attitude towards nature and the afterlife in their worships even their location helped to begin one of the greatest civilizations ever. Words/ Pages : 1,028 / 24
Saturday, November 30, 2019
International Marketing Essays (944 words) - Marketing,
International Marketing International Marketing Proctor & Gamble originated in 1837, when William Proctor and James Gamble formed a partnership in Cincinnati, Ohio. The partnership flourished making the company a gaining name as principled manufacturer of high quality consumer goods sold at competitive prices. By 1992 Proctor & Gamble was a multinational company with annual sales of almost $30 billion profits exceeding $1.8 billion, and a reputation for quality products, high integrity, strong marketing, and conservative management. When P&G grew they became more and more interested in foreign markets. In 1992 they had sold their products in more than 140 countries around the world. In 1991 Ps tissue division. Facelle was a medium sized manufacturer and marketer of tissue, towel and sanitary products. So for 185 million P&G bought the Facelle Co. Proctor & Gamble had to consider many things when entering the market in Canada. Tissue products were inexpensive, widely used and were frequently purchased (on average once every two weeks.) Brand switching was high and the risks with product failure were low. The only thing that manufacturers had to worry about was to differentiate their products on performance to build loyalty. Retailers felt that the paper was a low profit, low loyalty category. They used it primarily to draw consumers into their stores. Royale had been the only 3ply tissue on the market, and was viewed as the traditional strong, premium quality facial tissue. Florelle was a 2ply tissue that had received little promotional attention. It lost most of its market share in 1991 and was down 5.8% at the beginning of 92. Other competing brands of tissue were Kimberly Clark with their Kleenex brand, which had a very good year in 1991. Scott tissue who at first fell a few shares due to loss of trade support, but relaunched their brand in September 1991, positioning it as a product with high content of recycle material, and supporting it with heavy advertising. Irving and all others had average an average year. Brand Image for Royale based upon its premium positioning, historically unique 3ply product design and its softness claim, and had built the leading brand image in the product category. Brand users gave Royale an overall score of 85 on a scale of 100, marginally superior to Kleenex. Even though Royal enjoyed a very favorable overall brand image, they were lacking on thing that would make their product do even better. Knowledge about the brand was not as high as they would have liked. Many people who used it didnt even know that it was a 3ply tissue rather than a 2ply. This brand image did not translate to market share. Royale was used as a part-time brand that was bought on feature or specifically for cold care, but seldom for regular usage around the household. Also Royales price exceeded Kleenexs by more than $.20 when Kleenex dropped to $0.79 after the introduction of Kleenexs 150s. Florelle a standard 2ply tissue brand offered specialty sizes (pocket packs, man-size, and cube format). P&G felt the need to upgrade the softness of Facelle tissue by adding eucalyptus fibre and sacrificing some tissue strength since Facelle was one of the strongest tissues on the market. The one problem with the upgrade was deciding whether to keep the product name of Facelle and just say it is better, or change it to Royal some how distinguishing the 3ply from the 2ply. They decided to introduce the product under the name Puffs. Puffs, which had been successfully launched in the U.S twenty years ago, not yet introduced in Canada, would still do well due to Advertising spills from the U.S. Proctor and Gambles results to the research regarding consumer perception of Royale and Facelle were not good. Even though Royale was one of the leading brands in
Tuesday, November 26, 2019
Best Practices Are The Worst Advice With Jay Acunzo From Unthinkable
Best Practices Are The Worst Advice With Jay Acunzo From Unthinkable Marketers are always searching for advice that they can apply to their marketing efforts and strategies. Luckily, plenty of people are more than willing to share their expertise, ideas, and ââ¬Å"bestâ⬠practices. Donââ¬â¢t simply emulate them and their words of wisdom. The biggest problem is sameness. Everything is the same, and no one stands out. Rather than just taking their advice, make it your own, put your spin on it, and do what works best for your business. Today, my guest is Jay Acunzo, founder of Unthinkable Media and author of Break the Wheel. He describes how to push yourself to ask the right questions and make the right decisions when surrounded by conventional thinking. Some of the highlights of the show include: Two Stories to Jayââ¬â¢s Career: LinkedInââ¬â¢s about logos, and liking process of making things through tinkering and not caring if anybody consumes it Google was a great place to work; brand, perks, awesomely smart co-workers Following prescribed path because thatââ¬â¢s what youââ¬â¢re ââ¬Å"supposed to doâ⬠Expertise and checking a bunch of boxes doesnââ¬â¢t make a great career Everyone wants best practices and guidance because theyââ¬â¢re afraid of what to do Unthinkable Stories: People did something that seemed crazy, but they clearly explain why what they did was practical and strategic Being taught thereââ¬â¢s a right and wrong answer, and approaching marketing the same way; the real answer is, it dependson context Push yourself beyond commodity work and do something exceptional instead Problems: We donââ¬â¢t want to be average, and we donââ¬â¢t operate in a generality Understand your specific situation and use it as a decision-making filter to find clarity; borrow from your situation and whatââ¬â¢s proven to work elsewhere Six fundamental questions to ask to understand how to operate in a more contextualized way for your environment Pike Syndrome: Psychological barrier to making decisions with clarity; based on situation, instead of generality Context parts in every situation: You/team, customer/audience, and resources Reasons for Decisions: Learned helplessness, foraging choice, cultural fluency Aspirational Anchor: Personal- or team-based mission statement; articulates behaviors to change Links: Unthinkable Media Unthinkable Newsletter Break the Wheel HubSpot NextView Ventures Who should be on the show? What topics should be covered? Send your suggestions! If you liked todayââ¬â¢s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Jay Acunzo: ââ¬Å"Instead of searching for the muse, itââ¬â¢s a lot more effective just to put out a lot of bad work. Youââ¬â¢ll get better a lot faster. Youââ¬â¢ll find your inspiration and your answers.â⬠ââ¬Å"I like to make things that make me feel and make other people feel, too. I just so happened to be doing that in a business context.â⬠ââ¬Å"Finding best practices, in and of itself, is not the goal. Finding the best approach for you is. Weââ¬â¢ve never been really taught how to do that.â⬠ââ¬Å"I was just shown how broken it is, that we think expertise and just checking a bunch of boxes, makes for a great career. Thatââ¬â¢s just not the case.ââ¬
Friday, November 22, 2019
History of the Black Box aka Flight Data Recorder
History of the Black Box aka Flight Data Recorder David Warren had a deeply personal reason to invent theà flight-data recorder (commonly referred to as the ââ¬Å"black boxâ⬠). In 1934, his father died in one of Australiaââ¬â¢s earliest air crashes.à Early Life and Career David Warren was born in 1925 on Groote Eylandt, and island off the Northern coast of Australia. Gadgets and devices, like the ham radio left to him by his father, helped Warren through his childhood and adolescence. His educational record speaks for itself: he graduated with honors from the University of Sydney before earning a diploma in education from the University of Melbourne and a Ph.D. in chemistry from Imperial College London. In the 1950s, as Warren was working for the Aeronautical Research Laboratories in Melbourne, a few developments occurred to reignite his instincts regarding in-flight recordings. In Britain in 1949, the de Havilland Comet was introduced- only to experience a disaster in 1954 with a series of high-profile crashes. Without any kind of recording device from inside the aircraft, determining the causes and investigating the intricacies of these disasters was a famously difficult task for the British authorities. Prime Minister Winston Churchill himself was quoted as saying, ââ¬Å"The cost of solving the Comet mystery must be reckoned neither in money nor in manpower.â⬠Around the same time, the earliest tape recorders were being introduced in trade shows and storefront windows. It was a German-made one that first caught Warrenââ¬â¢s eye, leading him to wonder how much more information the authorities would have during its investigations if a device like this had been in the Comet . Inventing the "Memory Unit" In 1957, Warren completed a prototype- which he termed the ââ¬Å"Memory Unitâ⬠- for his device. His idea, however, was greeted with no shortage of criticism from the Australian authorities. The Royal Australian Air Force haughtily suggested that the device would capture ââ¬Å"more expletives than explanations,â⬠while the Australian pilots themselves worried about the potential for spying and surveillance. It took the British- the maker of the tarnished Comet- to appreciate the necessity of Warrenââ¬â¢s device. From there, flight-data recorders proceeded to become standard procedure not only in Britain and Australia but also in America and in the commercial flying industry all across the world. There seems to be some dispute as to how Warrenââ¬â¢s device came to be known as the black box, considering that the color of Warrenââ¬â¢s prototype was closer to red or orange, in order to make the device stand out amidst the wreckage of a crash. However, the black-box moniker has stuck, perhaps owing to the intense steel casing required to protect the box. Warren has never received financial reward for his invention, although he has- after what was initially quite a battle- been officially recognized by his own country: in 2002, he was awarded the Order of Australia for his contributions. Warren died in 2010, at the age of 85, but his invention continues to be a mainstay on aircraft worldwide, recording both cockpit chatter and instrument readings of altitude, speed, direction, and other statistics. Additionally, car manufacturers have recently started installing black boxes in their vehicles, adding another chapter in the evolution of Warrenââ¬â¢s originally maligned idea.
Wednesday, November 20, 2019
Organizational Behavior 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Organizational Behavior 2 - Essay Example offering competitive salary, free lodging, free food, etc.), it will be easier on the part of the HR manager to satisfy the higher needs of each employee. Unlike the Maslowââ¬â¢s hierarchy of needs, expectancy theories are not focused on satisfying the individual needs of each employee. Depending on the kind of rewards employees could receive from a business organization, the theory of expectancy suggests that employees will be motivated given that their efforts at work could contribute to the business success (Denhardt, Denhardt, & Aristigueta, 2002, p. 162). Similar to expectancy theories, the use of goal-setting theories also requires the HR managers to pay back employeesââ¬â¢ efforts through attractive rewards (Denhardt, Denhardt, & Aristigueta, 2002, p. 165). In general, the main purpose of goal-setting theories is to increase the work expectations of each employee. Since a higher goal setting increases employeesââ¬â¢ work motivation, the overall productivity of each employee is also expected to increase. The equity theories are based on ââ¬Å"social exchangeâ⬠(Denhardt, Denhardt, & Aristigueta, 2002, p. 165). Given that each employee is happy in their work environment (i.e. no conflict with other employees, fair working policies, etc.), there is a higher chance wherein employees will exert an effort to convert the organizational goals into a reality. When we talk about fair working policies, it means that the contribution of each employee to the success of the company should mean higher rewards as compared to the rest of employees. To be able to motivate employees, I assume that a realistic and fair monetary reward is necessary to satisfy the basic needs of each employee. Basically, when the financial needs of a person is not met, that person would either look for another job that offers higher salary or search for another part-time job. It means that the person becomes less loyal to his/her first
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